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Forests to Faucets 2.0 builds upon the national Forests to Faucets(2011) by updating base data and adding new threats including wildfire, invasive pests, and future stresses such as climate-induced changes in land use and water quantity.The purpose of this project is to quantify, rank, and illustrate the geographic connection between forests and other natural cover (private and public), surface drinking water supplies, and the populations that depend on them–the ecosystem service of water supply. The project assesses subwatersheds across the US to identify those important to downstream surface drinking water supplies as well as evaluate a subwatersheds natural ability to produce clean water based on its biophysical characteristics: percent natural cover, percent agricultural land, percent impervious, percent riparian natural cover, and mean annual water yield.
Using data from a variety of existing sources and maps generated through GIS analyses, the project uses maps and statistics to describe the relative importance of private forests and National Forest System lands to surface drinking water supplies across the United States. The data produced by this assessment provides information needed to identify opportunities for water market approaches or schemes based upon payments for environmental services (PES).
Attribute | Description | Sources |
Acres | HUC 12 Acres | Calculated using ArcGIS |
STATES | States | WBD 2019 |
HUC12 | 12-digit Hydrologic Unit Code | WBD 2019 |
NAME | 12-digit Hydrologic Unit Name | WBD 2019 |
HUTYPE | HUC Type | WBD 2019 |
From_ | HUC 12 From for routing | WBD 2019 |
To | HUC 12 To for routing | WBD 2019 (edited by USDA FS) |
Level | HUC level | Calculated HUC level from outlet (1) to headwater (351) |
NLCD | Acres of NLCD | NLCD |
PER_NLCD | Percent of HUC with NLCD Data | Calculated using ArcGIS |
FOREST_AC | Acres of all forest NLCD Forest = 41,42,43, 90 | NLCD |
PER_FOR | Percent Forest | Calculated using ArcGIS |
AG_AC | Acres of agricultural land NLCD = 81,82 | NLCD |
PER_AG | Percent agricultural land | Calculated using ArcGIS |
IMPV_AC | Acres of Impervious | NLCD |
PER_IMPV | Percent Impervious | Calculated using ArcGIS |
NATCOVER_AC | Acres of Natural Cover NLCD = 11,12,41,42,43,51,52,71,90,95 | NLCD |
PER_NATCOV | Percent Natural Cover | Calculated using ArcGIS |
RIPNAT_AC | Acres of riparian natural cover | Sinan Abood |
PER_RIPNAT | Percent riparian natural cover | Calculated using ArcGIS |
Q_YLD_MM | Mean Annual Water Yield in mm (Q) | WASSI |
R_NATCOV | Natural Cover score for APCW | Calculated using ArcGIS |
R_AG | Agricultural land score for APCW | Calculated using ArcGIS |
R_IMPV | Impervious Surface score for APCW | Calculated using ArcGIS |
R_RIP | Riparian Natural Cover score for APCW | Calculated using ArcGIS |
R_Q | ||
APCW | APCW= (R_NATCOV+R_AG+R_IMPV+R_RIP) * R_Q | Calculated using ArcGIS |
APCW_R | APCW Score (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
GW | Number of groundwater water intakes | SDWIS |
SW | Number of surface water intakes (includes GU, groundwater under the influence of surface water) | SDWIS |
GW_POP | Number of groundwater water consumers | SDWIS |
SW_POP | Number of surface water consumers (includes GU, groundwater under the influence of surface water) | SDWIS |
GL_Intakes | Number of surface water intakes in the Great Lakes* | SDWIS |
GL_POP | Number of surface water consumers in the Great Lakes* | SDWIS |
SUM_POP | P, Total number of Surface water consumers SW_POP+ GL_POP | SDWIS |
PR | Risk based drinking water protection model PRn = ∑(Wi* Pi) | Calculated using R |
POP_DS | Sum of surface drinking water population downstream of HUC 12 ∑(SUM_POPn) ***Cannot be summed across multiple HUC12 due to double counting down stream populations. Only accurate for an individual HUC12. | Calculated using R |
IMP | Important Areas for Surface Drinking Water (IMP). As developed in Forests to Faucets (USFS 2011), the Important Areas for Surface Drinking Water (IMP) model can be broken down into two parts: IMPn = (PRn) * (Qn) | Calculated using R |
IMP_R | IMP, Important Areas for Surface Drinking Water (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
NON_FOREST | Acres of non-forest | PADUS and NLCD |
PRIVATE_FOREST | Acres of private forest | PADUS and NLCD |
PROTECTED_FOREST | Acres of protected forest (State, Local, NGO, Permanent Easement) | PADUS, NCED, and NLCD |
NFS_FOREST | Acres of National Forest System (NFS) forest | PADUS and NLCD |
FEDERAL_FOREST | Acres of Other Federal forest (Non-NFS Federal) | PADUS and NLCD |
PER_FORPRI | Percent Private Forest | Calculated using ArcGIS |
PER_FORNFS | Percent NFS Forest | Calculated using ArcGIS |
PER_FORPRO | Percent Protected (Other State, Local, NGO, Permanent Easement) Forest | Calculated using ArcGIS |
WFP_HI_AC | Acres with High and Very High Wildfire Hazard Potential (WHP) | Dillon, 2018 |
PER_WFP | Percent of HU 12 with High and Very High Wildfire Hazard Potential (WHP) | Dillon, 2018 |
PER_IDRISK | Percent of HU 12 that is at risk for mortality - 25% of standing live basal area greater than one inch in diameter will die over a 15- year time frame (2013 to 2027) due to insects and diseases. | Krist, et Al,. 2014 |
PERDEV_1040_45 | % Landuse Change 2010-2040 (low) | ICLUS |
PERDEV_1090_45 | % Landuse Change 2010-2090 (low) | ICLUS |
PERDEV_1040_85 | % Landuse Change 2010-2040 (high) | ICLUS |
PERDEV_1090_85 | % Landuse Change 2010-2040 (high) | ICLUS |
PER_Q40_45 | % Water Yield Change 2010-2040 (low) | WASSI |
PER_Q90_45 | % Water Yield Change 2010-2090 (low) | WASSI |
PER_Q40_85 | % Water Yield Change 2010-2040 (high) | WASSI |
PER_Q90_85 | % Water Yield Change 2010-2090 (high) | WASSI |
WFP | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PER_WFP )/ 10,000Wildfire Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds | Calculated using ArcGIS |
IDRISK | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PER_IDRISK )/ 10,000Insect & Disease Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds | Calculated using ArcGIS |
DEV1040_45 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PERDEV_1040_45)/ 10,000 Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (low emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
DEV1090_45 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PERDEV_1090_45)/ 10,000 Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (high emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
DEV1040_85 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PERDEV_1040_85)/ 10,000 Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (low emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
DEV1090_85 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PERDEV_1090_85)/ 10,000 Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (high emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
Q1040_45 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PER_Q40_45)/ 10,000 Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (low emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
Q1090_45 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PER_Q90_45)/ 10,000 Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (high emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
Q1040_85 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PER_Q40_85)/ 10,000 Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (low emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
Q1090_85 | (APCW_R * IMP_R * PER_Q90_85)/ 10,000 Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (high emissions) | Calculated using ArcGIS |
WFP_IMP_R | Wildfire Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
IDRISK_R | Insect & Disease Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
DEV40_45_R | Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (low emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
DEV40_85_R | Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (high emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
DEV90_45_R | Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (low emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
DEV90_85_R | Landuse Change Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (high emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
Q40_45_R | Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (low emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
Q40_85_R | Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2040 (high emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
Q90_45_R | Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (low emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
Q90_85_R | Water Yield Risk to Important Surface Drinking Water Watersheds 2010-2090 (high emissions) (0-100 Quantiles) | Calculated using R |
Region | US Forest Service Region number | USFS |
Regionname | US Forest Service Region name | USFS |